ABSTRACT
Objective@#To provide reference for clinical screening of individualized therapy by detecting the drug susceptibility of primary tumor cells derived from malignant pleural effusion (MPE) of the patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). @*Methods@#MPE specimens were collected from 20 patients diagnosed as NSCLC by histopathology. They were separated by density gradient centrifugation cultured in vitro to remove non-tumor cells, and then primary cell lines were established. The half-inhibitory concentrations (IC 50 ) of conventional anti-tumor chemotherapy drugs on primary tumor cells were determined by the MTT method, and an absolute predictive value (R) was obtained by comparing the IC 50 with the theoretically calculated value of maximum plasma concentration (IC 50m ). Last, the R value was compared with the actual clinical efficacy of the NSCLC patients. @*Results@#After 20 MPE samples were pretreated and cultured for 4 generations, the primary tumor cell lines passaged stably in vitro were established successfully. Papanicolaou staining confirmed that these tumor cell lines had the characteristics of cancer cells, and their purity was nearly 100% under the microscope. The MTT results showed that the invalid IC 50 values beyond the upper limit of test concentration could be further included in the following evaluation on the therapeutic effect of patients when R values were used. When R values between 0.5 and 2.0 and more than 2.0 were used for predicting the actual therapeutic effect as disease stability and disease progression, respectively, the overall consistency between R value and actual therapeutic effect was 77% (10/13) in six patients with complete history of chemotherapy. @*Conclusion@#The primary culture of tumor cells in MPF and the detection of drug sensitivity have the clinical application value in predicting the actual therapeutic effect of NSCLC patients.
ABSTRACT
The lymphatic system plays an important role in the humoral circulation, immune activity and cancer metastasis, but the morphological characteristics of this system have to be studied thoroughly in order to adapt to the modern medicine development. Lymphatic vessels are hardly observed in general cadaveric dissection since their channels are tiny and transparent. Therefore, the improvement of the inspection techniques is the key factor for further study of the lymphatic system. In the early stage of lymphatic study, the researchers could only observe the distribution of the lymphatic vessels and nodes of the mesentery, chyle cistern and thoracic duct in postprandial mammals by anatomic dissection, but were unable to investigate the entire system of the body. Great progress in the study has been made with utilizing the direct lymphatic perfusion with mercury as a medium. Then, because of the toxicity of mercury, it was replaced by indirect injection with other instances, like dye, ink, radioisotope etc, which helped achieving rapid progress in the anatomic study and clinical application. The knowledge of the lymphatic system of the body in existing textbooks is largely based on the early anatomical studies, but quite often it does not explain some of the unexpected clinical findings. In early 2000s, a modified method of lymphatic perfusion has been applied for investigating the human lymphatic system. It has been confirmed that there could be significant differences in the lymphatic distribution of individuals. This paper reviews the current investigative approaches of lymphatic distribution of the upper extremity, from a historical perspective.
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OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the application of acid inhibitors in our hospital and to provide reference for rational use of drugs in the clinic. METHODS:The consumption sum and DDDs of acid inhibitors in our hospital from 2005 to 2009 were statistically analyzed with the method of DDD analysis. RESULTS:Consumption sum of acid inhibitors in our hospital increased year by year,especially for proton pump inhibitor. Consumption sum of H2 receptor antagonist decreased year by year. Omeprazole and pantoprazole took up the top place of DDDs order. Rank ratio of pantoprazole had been kept at 1 for five years with sound synchrony. DUI of these drug were no more than 1,which meant rational drug use. CONCLUSION:The acid inhibitors in our hospital are applied rationally and safe and highly effective proton pump inhibitor is the best choice in the clinic.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the rationality of preventive use of antibiotics for patient undergoing thyroidectomy.METHODS:120 patients undergoing thyroidectomy from Jan 2005 to Mar 2007 in our hospital were enrolled.The exclusion criteria were the following:patients with infection,coronary heart diseases,diabetes,and other severe diseases or with body temperature above 38 ℃ and aged above 60.The 120 patients were assigned to antibiotic group and non-antibiotic group.Then the healing condition of incisions in two groups was evaluated.RESULTS:There was no significant difference between the two groups in incision healing.CONCLUSION:Antibiotics don't have to be used in patients undergoing thyroidectomy.